Houses for sale & to rent in BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close, Purewell And Stanpit, Christchurch

House Prices in BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close, Purewell And Stanpit

Properties in BH23 3DR have an average house price of £268,325.00 and had 12 Property Transactions within the last 3 years.¹ BH23 3DR is a postcode in Ladysmith Close located in Purewell And Stanpit, an area in Christchurch, Dorset, with 45 households², where the most expensive property was sold for £380,000.00.

Properties for sale near BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close

icon
Can I Buy A Property With My Credit Score? credit report & score

Be the first to know about new property listings

Save this search to be notified as soon as new listings are available.

Price Paid in Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit

3 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 3 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 10/07/2024 and the sold price was £380,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 10/07/2024, is a 92 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
10/07/2024 £380,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
12/02/2007 £225,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

28 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 28 has been sold 4 times. The last time it was sold was in 08/02/2024 and the sold price was £165,000.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 08/02/2024, is a 40 sqm top-floor flat with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
08/02/2024 £165,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
20/02/2015 £129,950.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
02/06/2006 £116,500.00 Terraced House leasehold Established Building
15/10/1997 £42,950.00 Terraced House leasehold Established Building

33 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 33 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 24/11/2023 and the sold price was £305,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 24/11/2023, is a 57 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
24/11/2023 £305,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
16/03/2022 £290,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

52 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 52 has been sold 5 times. The last time it was sold was in 29/09/2023 and the sold price was £345,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 29/09/2023, is a 95 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
29/09/2023 £345,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
25/11/2016 £240,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
29/03/2006 £195,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
13/05/2005 £194,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
27/07/2001 £128,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

4 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 4 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 14/07/2023 and the sold price was £285,000.00.

This semi detached house, sold as a freehold on 14/07/2023, is a 56 sqm semi-detached house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
14/07/2023 £285,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

31 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 31 has been sold 8 times. The last time it was sold was in 12/07/2023 and the sold price was £187,000.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 12/07/2023, is a 48 sqm top-floor maisonette with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
12/07/2023 £187,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
26/02/2021 £170,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
26/05/2016 £147,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
30/03/2012 £118,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
01/12/2010 £120,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
15/08/2006 £119,500.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
10/05/2002 £79,950.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
02/08/1999 £59,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building

14 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 14 has been sold 4 times. The last time it was sold was in 09/05/2023 and the sold price was £180,000.00.

This semi detached house, sold as a leasehold on 09/05/2023, is a 40 sqm top-floor flat with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
09/05/2023 £180,000.00 Semi Detached House leasehold Established Building
19/03/2004 £107,950.00 Semi Detached House leasehold Established Building
11/07/2003 £99,000.00 Semi Detached House leasehold Established Building
07/03/2000 £59,000.00 Semi Detached House leasehold Established Building

47 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 47 has been sold 4 times. The last time it was sold was in 17/03/2023 and the sold price was £310,000.00.

This semi detached house, sold as a freehold on 17/03/2023, is a 55 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
17/03/2023 £310,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
21/12/2006 £185,500.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
26/11/1999 £82,500.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
11/10/1996 £60,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

27 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 27 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 14/12/2021 and the sold price was £165,000.00.

This other property, sold as a leasehold on 14/12/2021, is a 37 sqm top-floor flat with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
14/12/2021 £165,000.00 Other Property leasehold Established Building
01/03/2004 £105,000.00 Terraced House leasehold Established Building

32 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 32 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 22/11/2021 and the sold price was £337,900.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 22/11/2021, is a 69 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
22/11/2021 £337,900.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
01/10/2004 £196,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

46 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 46 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 29/09/2021 and the sold price was £265,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 29/09/2021, is a 58 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
29/09/2021 £265,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
24/02/2012 £186,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
11/08/2006 £165,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

20 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 20 has been sold 6 times. The last time it was sold was in 06/10/2020 and the sold price was £287,250.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 06/10/2020, is a 61 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
06/10/2020 £287,250.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
05/01/2016 £235,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
12/02/2001 £119,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
03/05/2000 £99,950.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
18/11/1998 £76,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
30/05/1997 £66,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building

53 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 53 has been sold 5 times. The last time it was sold was in 12/12/2019 and the sold price was £295,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 12/12/2019, is a 81 sqm semi-detached house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
12/12/2019 £295,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
25/04/2014 £241,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
20/04/2010 £210,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
30/01/2004 £172,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
11/08/2000 £117,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

5 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 5 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 10/07/2019 and the sold price was £258,000.00.

This semi detached house, sold as a freehold on 10/07/2019, is a 75 sqm semi-detached house with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
10/07/2019 £258,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
21/01/2011 £170,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
14/12/2000 £95,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building

50 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 50 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 09/08/2018 and the sold price was £265,000.00.

This semi detached house, sold as a freehold on 09/08/2018, is a 59 sqm semi-detached house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
09/08/2018 £265,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
28/11/2003 £157,950.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
21/04/1995 £54,500.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

19 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 19 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 01/08/2018 and the sold price was £277,000.00.

This detached house, sold as a freehold on 01/08/2018, is a 60 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
01/08/2018 £277,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
30/09/2016 £265,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
02/08/2001 £120,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building

7 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 7 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 09/05/2018 and the sold price was £265,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 09/05/2018, is a 61 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
09/05/2018 £265,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
06/09/2013 £181,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
16/10/2006 £176,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

12 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 12 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 09/01/2018 and the sold price was £177,500.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 09/01/2018, is a 38 sqm ground-floor flat with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
09/01/2018 £177,500.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
12/01/2001 £70,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building

38 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 38 has been sold 5 times. The last time it was sold was in 28/04/2017 and the sold price was £295,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 28/04/2017, is a 69 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
28/04/2017 £295,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
30/06/2016 £275,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
30/08/2013 £217,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
07/04/2004 £177,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
22/01/1999 £77,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

30 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 30 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 31/03/2016 and the sold price was £142,500.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 31/03/2016, is a 50 sqm ground-floor flat with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
31/03/2016 £142,500.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
07/07/2006 £120,500.00 Flat leasehold Established Building

37 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 37 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 04/12/2015 and the sold price was £231,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 04/12/2015, is a 56 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
04/12/2015 £231,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
01/06/2006 £175,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
16/02/1995 £52,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

51 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 51 has been sold 5 times. The last time it was sold was in 27/06/2014 and the sold price was £249,950.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 27/06/2014, is a 97 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
27/06/2014 £249,950.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
08/02/2008 £239,500.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
22/06/2004 £189,950.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
01/10/2001 £125,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
27/05/1997 £77,500.00 Detached House freehold Established Building

34 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 34 has been sold 4 times. The last time it was sold was in 06/06/2014 and the sold price was £242,500.00.

This is a Terraced House which was sold as a freehold in 06/06/2014

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
06/06/2014 £242,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
14/05/2008 £239,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
13/12/2002 £175,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
10/11/1998 £84,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

17 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 17 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 11/09/2012 and the sold price was £124,000.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 11/09/2012, is a 41 sqm ground-floor flat with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
11/09/2012 £124,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building

22 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 22 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 06/06/2008 and the sold price was £200,000.00.

This detached house, sold as a freehold on 06/06/2008, is a 55 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
06/06/2008 £200,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
11/11/2005 £171,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building
17/04/2003 £155,000.00 Detached House freehold Established Building

26 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 26 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 23/05/2007 and the sold price was £132,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a leasehold on 23/05/2007, is a 58 sqm mid-floor flat with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
23/05/2007 £132,000.00 Terraced House leasehold Established Building
14/12/1998 £57,000.00 Terraced House leasehold Established Building

44 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 44 has been sold 4 times. The last time it was sold was in 08/09/2006 and the sold price was £189,950.00.

This is a Semi Detached House which was sold as a freehold in 08/09/2006

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
08/09/2006 £189,950.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
15/06/2001 £108,500.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
11/08/2000 £99,950.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
03/05/1996 £63,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

8 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 8 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 11/02/2005 and the sold price was £153,500.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 11/02/2005, is a 55 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
11/02/2005 £153,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
24/07/1998 £66,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
10/10/1996 £59,500.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

24 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 24 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 06/08/2004 and the sold price was £188,000.00.

This is a Terraced House which was sold as a freehold in 06/08/2004

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
06/08/2004 £188,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
10/01/1997 £69,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

29 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 29 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 06/02/2004 and the sold price was £109,950.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 06/02/2004, is a 37 sqm ground-floor flat with an EPC rating of B.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
06/02/2004 £109,950.00 Flat leasehold Established Building
24/07/1998 £56,000.00 Flat leasehold Established Building

6 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 6 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 09/01/2003 and the sold price was £161,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 09/01/2003, is a 55 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of D.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
09/01/2003 £161,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

1 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 1 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 03/05/2002 and the sold price was £133,000.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 03/05/2002, is a 84 sqm end-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
03/05/2002 £133,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
14/04/2000 £114,950.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

35 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 35 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 30/11/2001 and the sold price was £94,000.00.

This is a Terraced House which was sold as a freehold in 30/11/2001

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
30/11/2001 £94,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
16/05/1997 £50,750.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

25 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 25 has been sold 3 times. The last time it was sold was in 30/11/2001 and the sold price was £119,995.00.

This is a Semi Detached House which was sold as a freehold in 30/11/2001

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
30/11/2001 £119,995.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
10/10/1997 £69,500.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
29/03/1996 £62,500.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

48 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 48 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 29/11/2001 and the sold price was £136,950.00.

This is a Terraced House which was sold as a freehold in 29/11/2001

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
29/11/2001 £136,950.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

9 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 9 has been sold 4 times. The last time it was sold was in 07/09/2001 and the sold price was £105,000.00.

This is a Semi Detached House which was sold as a freehold in 07/09/2001

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
07/09/2001 £105,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
06/04/2001 £97,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
30/04/1999 £70,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building
30/05/1997 £60,000.00 Semi Detached House freehold Established Building

36 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 36 has been sold 2 times. The last time it was sold was in 17/08/2001 and the sold price was £129,950.00.

This is a Terraced House which was sold as a freehold in 17/08/2001

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
17/08/2001 £129,950.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building
02/08/1995 £69,200.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

49 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 49 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 27/10/2000 and the sold price was £112,000.00.

This is a Terraced House which was sold as a freehold in 27/10/2000

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
27/10/2000 £112,000.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

2 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 2 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 30/11/1998 and the sold price was £87,250.00.

This terraced house, sold as a freehold on 30/11/1998, is a 82 sqm mid-terrace house with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
30/11/1998 £87,250.00 Terraced House freehold Established Building

10 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 10 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 22/05/1998 and the sold price was £52,750.00.

This flat, sold as a leasehold on 22/05/1998, is a 40 sqm top-floor flat with an EPC rating of C.

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
22/05/1998 £52,750.00 Flat leasehold Established Building

16 Ladysmith Close, BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit Christchurch

Property 16 has been sold 1 time. The last time it was sold was in 31/10/1997 and the sold price was £52,750.00.

This is a Semi Detached House which was sold as a leasehold in 31/10/1997

Date Price Property Type Tenure Classification
31/10/1997 £52,750.00 Semi Detached House leasehold Established Building

Transport near BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close

House price paid reports for BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close

Click on the buttons below to see price paid reports by year or property price:

  • Price Paid By Year
  • Property Type Price

Property Price Paid in BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close by Year

The average sold property price by year was:

Year Average Sold Price Price Change
Sold Properties icon
2024 £272,500
icon
1%
 2 Properties
2023 £268,666
icon
-8%
 6 Properties
2022 £290,000
icon
11%
 1 Property
2021 £257,633
icon
-11%
 3 Properties
2020 £287,250
icon
4%
 1 Property
2019 £276,500
icon
11%
 2 Properties
2018 £246,125
icon
-20%
 4 Properties
2017 £295,000
icon
26%
 1 Property
2016 £217,416
icon
17%
 6 Properties
2015 £180,475
icon
-35%
 2 Properties
2014 £244,483
icon
19%
 3 Properties
2013 £199,000
icon
28%
 2 Properties
2012 £142,833
icon
-19%
 3 Properties
2011 £170,000
icon
3%
 1 Property
2010 £165,000
icon
-37%
 2 Properties
2008 £226,333
icon
21%
 3 Properties
2007 £178,500
icon
10%
 2 Properties
2006 £160,327
icon
-8%
 9 Properties
2005 £172,833
icon
10%
 3 Properties
2004 £155,793
icon
8%
 8 Properties
2003 £143,237
icon
10%
 4 Properties
2002 £129,316
icon
13%
 3 Properties
2001 £112,824
icon
12%
 12 Properties
2000 £99,692
icon
28%
 7 Properties
1999 £72,125
icon
5%
 4 Properties
1998 £68,500
icon
11%
 7 Properties
1997 £61,056
icon
-0,3%
 8 Properties
1996 £61,250
icon
4%
 4 Properties
1995 £58,566
-
 3 Properties
Source: Land Registry

Property Price per Property Type in BH23 3DR, Ladysmith Close

Here you can find historic sold price data in order to help with your property search.

The average Property Paid Price for specific property types in the last three years are:

Property Type Average Sold Price Sold Properties
Terraced House £320,483.00 6 Terraced Houses
Flat £174,000.00 3 Flats
Semi Detached House £258,333.00 3 Semi Detached Houses
Source: Land Registry
icon
icon
icon
icon
icon
icon

Near BH23 3DR

Near Purewell And Stanpit

BH23

Related Searches

Looking to buy in BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit?

If you are looking to buy in BH23 3DR, Purewell And Stanpit please refer to the location pages and historic house price data. You can also find property listing information in this area.